International Arbitration and the Circle of Control

November 28, 2022
A Look at the psychological benefits of arbitration and the status of arbitration in Thailand There are often many reasons cited as to why international arbitration should be the preferred method of dispute resolution for parties: it can be quicker, cheaper, the process is private, the award is final, and the parties have more autonomy over the process. Whilst some of these factors are debatable (especially in highly complex commercial cases), the fact that parties to an arbitration can have more autonomy than in traditional court litigation is usually less controversial. Party autonomy in arbitration is often a significant factor that persuades contractual parties to consider arbitration over other methods of dispute resolution. This is not surprising, as the need to have control and certainty is an innate human desire that often brings us security and peace. Our need for control and certainty There is no doubt that Covid has had a detrimental effect on the economy and many businesses. Most people would also agree that it has taken a significant toll on people’s mental health. Social distancing forced people to keep a distance and lose close contact with friends and colleagues. For some people, it meant a loss of social contact and socialising all together, due to fear of catching the virus if they stepped out of the safety of their homes. Lockdowns and school closures meant that more families were stuck at home, glued to their computers for work or online school and having to navigate the lack of privacy and personal space in their own homes. For working parents, the stress of juggling work from home, not...

The Energy Regulatory Commission of Thailand (ERC) Sets Out to Promote Low-Carbon Economy with New Regulations on the Procurement of Renewable Energy

November 9, 2022
The world’s energy shortage crisis immensely affects the fluctuation of prices of natural gas and fuel, as well as the global economy. Many leading countries have encouraged and promoted the development and use of clean and renewable energy for sustainability. Thailand is well aware of the global trend and the rise in the country’s energy cost, so the Thai government, in collaboration with the relevant public authorities has set out one of the country’s goals to be a low-carbon economy with net-zero carbon emissions. As a result, the Energy Regulatory Commission of Thailand (ERC) has published the Regulation re: Procurement of Electricity from Renewable Energy under Feed-in Tariff (FiT) for the year 2022 – 2030, effective on 28 September 2022 (the “Regulation”), and the Announcements of the Invitation to Purchase the Renewable Energy under the FiT for all promoted renewables, i.e., Biogas (wastewater/ solid waste), wind, ground-mounted solar, and ground-mounted solar with battery energy storage system (BESS), effective on 1 October 2022 (the “Announcements”). The key elements of the Regulation to promote the procurement of renewable energy are as follows: Renewable Energy Power Producer Power Purchase Agreement Form Proposed Electricity to be sold FiT rate (THB per Unit) Biogas (wastewater/ solid waste)   Remark: fossil fuel is not allowed, except only at the commencement stage of the power plant operation. ·     Small Power Producer (SPP)* ·     Very Small Power Producer (VSPP)** Non-Firm Not exceeding 90 MW THB 2.0724*** (for 20 years) Wind THB 3.1014*** (for 25 years) Ground-mounted Solar THB 2.1679*** (for 25 years) Ground-mounted Solar with BESS ·     Small Power Producer (SPP)* Partial Firm More than 10 MW...

Thai Civil and Commercial Code Amendment: Introduction of Merger Scheme and Flexibility for Corporate Governance of Limited Companies

November 9, 2022
On September 14, 2022, the Parliament approved the draft of the Act Amending the Thai Civil and Commercial Code (the “Amendment Act”) covering Title XXII on Partnerships and Limited Companies. Under this Amendment Act, a new M&A scheme and amended corporate governance requirements have been introduced for limited companies. The draft was initiated by the Department of Business Development (“DBD”) with the goal of facilitating business operations by revising outdated requirements, removing excessive corporate compliance obligations, and promoting the business consolidation scheme under the Thai Civil and Commercial Code (the “TCCC”). The Amendment Act was recently submitted to the Cabinet for His Majesty the King’s signature on September 19, 2022, and will take effect 90 days following its announcement in the Government Gazette. This article highlights key elements of the Amendment Act, as well as comparisons with the existing provisions under the TCCC and the implications for business operators. Key Elements of the Amendment Act The groundbreaking changes proposed under the Amendment Act can be divided into three major aspects as set out in the following table. Topic Details 1. Company Establishment (i)      Minimum Number of Promotors Section 1097 of the TCCC requires a limited company to have at least three individuals as promotors upon its incorporation. The Amendment Act reduces the minimum number of promotors required to just two individuals. (ii)    The Memorandum of Association While Section 1099 of the TCCC does not provide any deadline for the registration of a limited company’s Memorandum of Association, the Amendment Act requires that the company shall be incorporated within three months from the registration date of its Memorandum of Association with the DBD. In...

International Arbitration and the Circle of Control

October 4, 2022
A Look at the psychological benefits of arbitration and the status of arbitration in Thailand There are often many reasons cited as to why international arbitration should be the preferred method of dispute resolution for parties: it can be quicker, cheaper, the process is private, the award is final and the parties have more autonomy over the process. Whilst some of these factors are debatable (especially in highly complex commercial cases), the fact that parties to an arbitration can have more autonomy than in traditional court litigation is usually less controversial. Party autonomy in arbitration is often a significant factor that persuades contractual parties to consider arbitration over other methods of dispute resolution. This is not surprising, as the need to have control and certainty is an innate human desire that often brings us security and peace. Our need for control and certainty There is no doubt that Covid has had a detrimental effect on the economy and many businesses. Most people would also agree that it has taken a significant toll on people’s mental health. Social distancing forced people to keep a distance and lose close contact with friends and colleagues. For some people, it meant a loss of social contact and socialising all together, due to fear of catching the virus if they stepped out of the safety of their homes. Lockdowns and school closures meant that more families were stuck at home, glued to their computers for work or online school and having to navigate the lack of privacy and personal space in their own homes. For working parents, the stress of juggling work from home, not...

Cannabis Use by Employees in Thailand

October 4, 2022
What is allowed and what isn’t allowed? There was a lot of hype earlier this year about the delisting of cannabis and hemp plants from the Narcotics Code in Thailand. However, there appears to be some confusion about cannabis use within the country and in particular, what is permitted and not permitted without a license. In order to prevent misuse and a society-wide problem, the Thai government has been elaborating on the permitted use and sale of cannabis in the last few months. This article examines the current state of the law pertaining to cannabis, with a particular focus on employee use and the employer’s rights in those circumstances. Current status of the law The delisting of cannabis and hemp plants applies to their unprocessed parts and extracts containing less than 0.2% of tetrahydrocannabinol (“THC”). Therefore only extracts that contain more than 0.2% of THC are still regulated by the Narcotics Code and require a license from the Thai Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Smoking cannabis in public remains prohibited and the maximum penalty for doing so is three-month imprisonment and a THB 25,000 fine.[1] However, in practice, the delisting has led to misuse and abuse of cannabis products in Thailand, which has in turn led to societal problems. Tourists seem to be able to readily purchase cannabis or cannabis-infused products from street vendors. Overseas governments and embassies in Thailand have issued warnings to their citizens, informing them of improper use and ensuring they do not bring any cannabis back into their home countries. There have been major health concerns, with instances of young people overdosing on cannabis. As...